Sunday, June 26, 2011

القواعد - الأمر Grammar: Commands

خذ = take! kudh

أعطيني = give me! 'a3Teeni

أريني =  show me! areeni

أرسل لي = send me arsal li

ايقاظي لتناول وجبة الطعام = wake for eating meals eeqaaDHi li-tanaawul wajbat al-Ta3aam

اسكب عصير البرتقال = pour the orange juice uskub 3aSeer al-burtuqaal

اسكبي الخمر من فضلك = pour the wine please uskubi al-khamr min faDlik

يا أيها الاخوة العرب أحبوا أخوانكم اليهود = O Arab brothers love your brothers the Jews! yaa ayuhaa

يا أيتها السيدات = O Ladies! ya ayyatuha al-sayyidaat

تعال الى الحفلة = come to the party ta3aal ilaa al-Hafla

خذ الهدية = take the gift khudh al-hadiyya

هات لي الفلوس = give me the money! haat li al-fulous

هاتي لي الفانوس = give me the lamp haat li al-faanous
كل الكشري = eat the koshari kul al-kushari
اغسل القمصان = wash the shirts ighsil al-qumSaan
أضيف السكر = add the sugar aDeef al-sukar

أنظر = look! unDHur

لف يمين = turn right liff yameen
لف شمال = turn left liff shamaal

Friday, June 24, 2011

A letter in Arabic - رسالة بالعربية

A few years ago I asked an Iraqi girl to write me a letter in Arabic. I want to share it with you so you can see her handwriting and her word choice in formal Arabic. Her handwriting is quite careful and formal in this letter so it is easily legible. It takes a fair amount of practice for a learner to read natural Arabic handwriting with ease, which I hope we can cover in another lesson.




هلو ___، كيف حالك؟ لقد انتهيت من تناول الغداء توا، لم أتناول الكثير لأنني أريد ان احافظ علي رشاقتي كما تعلم! هاها. انني الآن اقوم بتحضير خطة دراسية لتعليم اللغة الانكليزية ولكنني لم اتوصل الى نتيجة لحد الآن

Hello ____, how are you? I finished eating dinner just now. I didn't eat a lot because I want to preserve my shapeliness, as you know! haha. I now am preparing a study plan for teaching English, but I haven't reached a result yet.


لقد بدأت هذه الرسالة ولكنني لا اعرف عن ماذا أتحدث فيها. ها ها

I began this letter, but I don't know what to write in it. haha.


تلقيت اتصالا هاتفيا من أحد أصقداء والدي القدامي، لقد كانت مفاجأة جميلة جدا لأنني لم أسمع عنه منذ اكثر من ستة سنوات

I received a phone call from one of my father's old friends. It was a very nice surprise because I didn't hear from him since more than six years ago.


أنها الخامسة عصرا الآن...

It is five in the evening now... (then she makes a bad joke)


لم استطع النوم جيدا ليلة البارحة، كان كلب الجيران ينبح طوال الليل، لقد ازعجني كثيرا!!! أردت ان اقتله! هاها

I couldn't sleep well last night. The neighbor's dog was barking throughout the night. It bothered me a lot!!! I wanted to kill it! haha

اريد ان اتعلم الاسبانية ولكنني فقدت الاندفاع الذي كان لدي سابقا، ولا اعرف السبب... لكن سوف استمر بالمحاولة

I want to learn Spanish, but I lost the exuberance which I had previously, and I don't know why. But I will continue trying.

أعتقد ان الرسالة اصبحت طويلة جدا، ولا اريدك ان تشعر بالملل. هاها. اتمنى ان تتمتع بالعطلة الاسبوعية

المخلصة

I think that the letter became very long, and I don't want that you feel bored. haha. I hope that you enjoy the weekend.

Sincerely

Tuesday, June 21, 2011

Phrases - عبارات

الله يختبر ايمانك لكي يباركك
God tests your faith in order to bless you.

الله لا يعطينا فوق ما نستطيع أن نتحمل
God does not give us more than we can burden.

تمتع بيوم طيب
Enjoy a good day (Have a good day)

اجتاح

This is an exercise I like to do when I am trying to learn a new word. Enter that word into Google and find sentences with that word used in many different contexts. And write these sentences down.

Word: اجتاح

Form VIII: To sweep away; to strike, afflict

This word is found in the main text of Al-Kitaab Part 3, Chapter 8 where Halim Barakat writes:

أما حيث الناس (خصوصا الأصدقاء والأقارب وزملائي الكتاب والباحثين) فتجتاحني مشاعر المرح والاطمئنان والثقة بالنفس والمحبة والاحترام

As for where the people are (especially friends, relatives, and my colleagues writers and researchers) thus sweeps over me feelings of joy, contentment, self-confidence, love, and respect.

Here are some other sentences I found:

خطر رهيب يجتاح العالم
A terrible danger sweeps the world.

وباء غامض يجتاح مدينة إب
A mysterious epidemic sweeps the city of Ibb.

الاضرابات يجتاح اليونان
Strikes sweep Greece.

إعصار عنيف يجتاح اليابان
A violent cyclone sweeps Japan.

الفيضانات تجتاح باكستان
Floods sweep Pakistan.

موجة من الثلوج والأمطار تجتاح إقليم كردستان
A wave of ice and rains sweeps the region of Kurdistan.

حب اجتاح قلبي وروحي وحياتي
Love swept my heart, my soul, and my life

العاصفة الرملية التي اجتاحت الكويت
The sand storm which swept Kuwait.

الزهار يحذر اسرائيل اذا اجتاحت قطاع غزة
Al-Zahar warns Israel if it invades the Gaza strip

مشاعر - Feelings

Nouns


Remember how to use the following formula to express your feelings with nouns:

أشعر بالقلق = I feel worried ash3ur bil-qalaq

قلق = worry qalaq
جزع = anxiety jaz3
حيرة = confusion Hayra
هدوء = calmness hudou'
حنين = longing Haneen
اطمئنان = contentment iTmi'naan
احباط = frustration iHbaaT
طموح = ambition TumouH
تفاؤل = optimism tafaa'ul
تشاؤم = pessimism tashaa'um
فرح = joy faraH
مرح = joy maraH
حزن = sadness Huzn
انقباض = depression inqibaaD
غضب = anger ghaDab

Adjectives

Or you can use adjectives to describe your feelings!

أنا سعيد = I'm happy ana sa3eed
سعيد = happy sa3eed
فرحان = happy farHaan
حزين = sad Hazeen
منشرح = cheerful munshariH
مهموم = anxious, worried mahmoum
مرتبك = confused, puzzled murtabik
تعبان = tired ta3baan
نعسان = sleepy na3saan
غضبان = angry ghaDbaan
عطشان = thirsty 3aTshaan
جوعان = hungry jau3aan
جائع = starving jaa'i3

Monday, February 07, 2011

Al-Kitaab Part 3 - Chapter 9 word list

Vocabulary list for Al-Kitaab Part 3, Chapter 9, page 324.

الخيل.. والليل
'The horses.. and the night' by Siham Bayoumi

١
عجوز = old man 3ajouz
حجرة = room Hujra
تحسس = to grope, run one's hands over (form V)
موطأ = place for foot, footprint, foothold mouTaa'
مواطئ القدم = footholds, the ground muwaaTi' al-qadam
تلامس = to touch each other (form VI)
أنملة ج أنامل = fingertip unmula (pl. anaamil)
تباعد = to separate (form VI)

٥
أفغر = to empty (form IV)
ازدحم = to be crowded (form VIII)
مسبحة = rosary misbaHa
حبات مسبحة = rosary beads Habaat misbaHa
مهترئ = worn out muhtari'
رقعة = chessboard ruq3a
غلاف = cover, case ghilaaf
طلقة = round of ammunition Talqa
منزوع = removed manzou3
غلاف ج أغلفة = cover, case ghilaaf (pl. aghlifa)
مصفر = yellowed muSfarr
بندقية = rifle bunduqiya
حجم ج أحجام = size Hajm (pl. aHjaam)
ختم ج أختام = stamp khatm (pl. akhtaam)
قداحة = flint; lighter qaddaHa
أخذ = to take; to begin to do something akhadha
أعاد = to put back (form IV)
تصفح = to page through, thumb through papers (form V)
تأمل = to contemplate (form V)
طوى = to fold, turn a page Tawaa, yaTwee
رتابة = monotony rataaba
بين حين وآخر = from time to time

١١
نزع = to pull out, pull off naza3, yanzi3
سدادة = plug, cork sidaada
جرعة = gulp jur3a
مسح = to wipe off masaHa, yamsaH
كف = palm of the hand kaff
منضدة = work table minDada
نبرة = accent, inflection nabra
محشرج = rattling muHashraj
التقط صورة = to take a picture (form VIII)
نفس ج أنفاس = breath nafas (pl. anfaas)
عرق ج عروق = vein 3irq (pl. 3urouq)
رقبة = neck raqaba
نافر = bulging naafir

١٥
شاء = to wish shaa'a
خاطف = rapid, fleeting khaaTif
أزاح = to remove, throw back (a curtain) (form IV)
عمامة = turban 3imaama
حك = to scratch Hakk, yaHukk
انخفض = to diminish, become lower (form VII)
نبرة = accent, inflection nabra

١٨
فتي = youthful fati
وباء = epidemic, disease wabaa'
دفن = to bury dafana, yadfin

٢١
نهض = to stand up nahaDa, yanhaD
جذب = to pull, attract jadhaba, yajdhib
متأكل = corroded, worn muta'akkil
ربت = to pat, stroke someone (form II)
ربت على الكتف = to pat someone on the shoulder (form II)

٢٣
لامس = to touch (form III)
اصبع ج أصابع = finger; toe iSba3 (pl. aSaabi3)
ندبة ج أنداب = scar nadba (pl. andaab)
ابهام = thumb; big toe ibhaam
انفلت = to escape (form VII)
آهة = sigh aaha
مكتوم = hidden, concealed maktoum
رمق = to glance at, look at ramaqa, yarmuq
جفن ج أجفان = eyelid jafn (pl. ajfaan)
تذبذب = to swing, vibrate, oscillate ta-dhab-dhab-a
كتلة ج كتل = bloc, chunk kutla (pl. kutal)
متراكم = piled up, accumulated mutaraakim
حدقة = pupil of the eye Hadaqa
مثبت = fixative muthabbit
سقف = ceiling saqf

٢٦
ربا = to raise a child (form II)
عمر = lifespan 3umr
ازدرد = to gulp, swallow (form VIII)
لعاب = saliva lu3aab
نعم ب = to be delighted by, happy about na3ama, yan3am
صحب = to befriend SaHiba, yaS-Hab
غداة ج غدوات = the following day ghadaa (pl. ghadawaat)
روحة = journey rauHa
ظل = shadow DHill
ممتد = outstretched, spread out mumtadd

٣١
مصراع = panel of a door or window miSraa3
تمزق = to become torn (form V)
مزق = to tear, rip apart (form II)
تسرب = to escape, to leak out (form V)
اهتز = to tremble (form VIII)
حفيف = rustle (sound), swish Hafeef
أطل = to look down, to look out (form IV)
دار = to go around, walk about daara, yadour
سبابة = index finger sabaaba
وضعت قدميها في الحذاء مدخلة سبابتها في نهايته = she put her two feet in the shoes entering her index finger in its back
دب = to proceed, enter dabba, yadibb [??????]

٣٥
انسحب = to withdraw, retreat (form VII)
درج = steps, stairs daraj
ساد = to prevail, reign over an area saada, yasoud
لم يعد = no longer lam ya3ud
ميز = to distinguish, separate (form II)
متناهي = finished, terminated, expired mutanaahi
مذياع = radio midhyaa3
صيحة = shout, cry SayHa
رائد ج رواد = pioneer; major (military); customer raa'id (pl. ruwaad)
قرقع = to rumble, to creak qarqa3a
قرقعة = rumble (sound) qarqa3a
نرجيلة ج نراجيل = shisha nargila (pl. naraageel)
زهر = flower; also: cast iron
ولا حتى = and not even..
نداء = call
بائع ج باعة = seller, vendor baa'i3 (pl. baa3a)
برودة = emotional coldness burouda
جلباب = long robe-like garment gilbaab

٤١
جذب = to pull jadhaba, yaj-dhib
جديلة ج جدائل = braid, ponytail jadeela (pl. jadaa'il)
عض = to bite 3aDDa, ya3aDD
ربت = to pat, caress rabata, yarbit
أمسك = to seize, grasp (form IV)
خشي = to be afraid khashiya, yakhshaa

٤٥
طبق = plate, dish Tabaq
عرق = sweat 3araq
منسال = streaming, flowing munsaal [??????]
ذيل = tail dhail
جلباب = long garment like a rob gilbaab
نزع = to extract, tear off naza3a, yanzi3
رباط = ribbon ribaaT
ألقى ب = to throw (something) (form IV)
تنفس = to breathe (form V)
مسموع = audible masmou3
تردد = to repeat (form V)
رتابة = monotony rataaba
نخر = to gnaw, eat at nakhara, yankhur
عظم ج عظام = bone 3aZHm (pl. 3iZHaam)
غمس = to dip something ghamasa, yaghmis
لاك = to chew laaka, yalouk
قماش = cloth qumaash
بلل = to make wet (form II)
مسح = to wipe masaHa, yamsaH

٥١
أسند = to lean something (on) (form IV)
استند الى = to lean on something, rest on, have a basis in (form VIII)
جدار ج جدران = wall jidaar (pl. judraan)
ساق = leg saaq
توسد = to lay one's head on a pillow (or this case her hand) (form V)
مال = to bend down, slant, tilt maala, yameel
حافة = edge, border Haafa
بالأمس = yesterday, not long ago bil-ams
امتظى = to ride, mount (a camel) (form VIII)
خيل ج خيول = horses khayl (pl. khuyoul)
علا = to be high, to be on top of something 3alaa, ya3lou
عمامة ج عمائم = turban 3imaama (pl. 3amaa'im)
اهتز = to shake (form VIII)
زلزال = earthquake zilzaal

٥٦
مرآة = mirror mir'aa
خزانة = cabinet, vault khizaana
غبش = dark, opaque
لمح = to glance at, notice lamaHa, yalmaH
شاحب = pale, wan shaaHib
اتسع = to become wide, spacious (form VIII)
اتساع = extending, widening ittisaa3
بريق = glittering, shining
حل = to untie a knot; to solve Hall, yaHull
جديلة ج جدائل = braid, ponytail jadeela (pl. jadaa'il)
أرسل = to send out; to let fall (form IV)
استدار = to encircle (form X)
نامي = growing, developing naami
ضغط على = press against DaghaTa, yaDghaT
بدا = to appear, seem badaa, yabdou
ضيق = narrow, tight Dayyiq
مزعة ج مزع = piece, bit muz3a (pl. miza3)
ضم = to bring together, unite, combine Damma, yaDumm
كتف = shoulder katf
تربص = to lay in ambush, wait for (form V)
مفر = escape mafarr
تطلع الى = to look forward to (form V)
متجهم = grim, gloomy mutajahhim
شهر = to make known, proclaim shahara, yash-har
قبضة = fist qabDa
ظل = to persist, remain, continue doing something
كال = to measure; mete out, heap abuse on kaala, yakeel
فر = to flee, run away farra, yafirr

٦١
خبط = to hit, beat khabaTa, yakhbiT, al-khabT
قبضة = fist qabDa
انزلق = to slip, slide (form VII)
كم = sleeve kumm
نحيل = skinny naHeel
معروق = lean, gaunt ma3rouq
تراكم = to pile up, accumulate (form VI)
زبد = foam, froth zabad
تطاير = to fly apart from each other (form VI)
صنبور = faucet, tap Sunbour
انساب = to flow, run (water) (form VII)
خصلة = tuft, lock of hair khuSla
ملتصق = attached, sticking multaSiq
تخلل = to come between, intervene (form V)
منعش = refreshing mun3ish
تدافع = to grush forth (form VI)
قطرة = drop (of water) qaTra (pl. qaTaraat)
أغمض = to close one's eyes (form IV)
غمر = to flood, inundate ghamara, yaghmur

٦٦
مار ج مارة = pedestrian maarr (pl. maarra)
انعكس = to be reflected (form VII)
معتم = dark mu3tim
راقب = to observe closely (form III)
خط ج خطوط = line khaTT (pl. khuTout)
ظل ج ظلال = shadow DHill (pl. DHilaal)
دائرة ج دوائر = circle, ring daa'ira (pl. dawaa'ir)
مستوي = even, level mustawi
تلاشى = to be destroyed, to vanish (form VI)
ايقاع = rhythm eeqaa3

٧٠
طال = to lengthen, become long Taala
تمتم = to mumble, stutter tamtama
نهض = to stand up nahaDa, yanhaD

٧٥
أبنية = buildings abniya
متلاصق = blending, sticking together mutalaaSiq
صعب = to be difficult Sa3uba, yaS3ub
تحديد = determine, delineate taHdeed
تخلل = to come between, intervene (form V)
سقف ج أسقف = roof, ceiling saqf (pl. asquf)
مدخل ج مداخل = entrance madkhal (pl. madaakhil)
معتم = dark mu3tim
صف ج صفوف = row; course Saff (pl. Sufouf)
انحرف = to slope, slant (form VII)
رقب = to observe raqaba, yarqub
سار = to march, walk saara, yaseer
تل ج تلال = hill tall (pl. tilaal)
حصى = rocks, pebbles HaSaa
تراب ج أتربة = dirt turaab (pl. atriba)
قطع = to cross, cut across a distance qaTa3, yaqTa3
لامع = shining laami3
مشرف ج مشارف = heights mashraf (pl. mashaarif)
ألقى ب = to throw (form IV)
ارتطم = to fall, crash (form VIII)
الخطوط الحديدية = railways al-khuTout al-Hadeediya
رنين = ringing sound raneen
مكتوم = hidden, concealed, muffled maktoum

٨٢
امتلأ = to be filled (form VIII)
اتسع = to be spacious (form VIII)

٨٥
مشط = to comb mashaTa
شريط = ribbon; tape shareeT
زاهي = bright, shining; splendid zaahi
لملم = to gather lamlama
خصلات = locks of hair khuSalaat
عنق = neck 3unuq
عقد = knotting, tying; contract 3aqd
انتظم = to be arranged, organized (form VIII)
حبة = kernal; bead Habba
شفاف = transparent shafaaf
خرز = beads; strung beads kharaz
زجاج = glass zujaaj
ملون = colored mulawan
سوى = to smooth out, arrange (form II)
حديقة = garden Hadeeqa
جوافة = guava
بلح = dates (fruit) balaH

٩٠
خدم = servants khadam
لبى = to respond to a request, obey (form II)

٩١
أسرع = to hurry (form IV)
نادى = to call out (form III)
تلقى = to receive (form V)
هم ب = to be on the verge doing something, consider doing something hamma, yahumm bi
جنبة = fringe areas, remote parts janba (pl. janabaat)
أطبق = to close shut (eyes, mouth) (form IV)
متداخل = meshing, interfering mutadaakhil

٩٥
مصراع = door or window panel miSraa3
ساكن = motionless saakin
خطا = to pace, walk khaTaa, yakhTou
تقاطع = to intersect (form VI)
تباعد = to separate from one another (form VI)

١٠٠
أرهف السمع = to listen closely (form IV)
حافر ج حوافر = hoof (of horse) Haafir (pl. Hawaafir)
صهيل = neighing Saheel
تعثر = to stumble (form V)
عصا ج عصي = staff, stick 3aSaa (pl. 3uSee)
اتكأ على = to lean against (form VIII)
هيا = come on! hayya
لاقى = to meet (form III)

١٠٥
اتكأ على = to lean against (form VIII)
ساق = leg saaq
حجل = to hop, skip Hajala, yaHjil